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robychen

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robychen

今天有点时间了，上点审核复习资料，本人专业 IE
基础课部分大多是总结前人的资料，大家注意每个课程准备一个例子就好了。

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[B]基础课部分[/B]
.概率(probability theory)
概率论与数理统计是一门专门研究和探索客观世界中随机现象的科学. 这门课程内容包括概率论的基本概念,随机变量及其分布,多维随机变量,随机变量的数字特征,大数定律与中心极限定理等概率论基础知识,及样本分布,参数估计与假设检验等数理统计基础知识.
Probability theory and mathematical statistics is a discipline with the stochastic processes and fields as its central contents. It includes the basic concepts of probability, stochastic variable and its distribution, multidimensional stochastic variable, the mathematical characteristics of stochastic variable, laws of large number and central limit theorem thereof concerning probability theory, and sampling distributions, parameter estimation and hypothesis testing thereof concerning mathematical statistics.

Descriptive Geometry and Drawing （机械制图）
a) This course is to cultivate our imagination. To be specific, we learned how describe a three dimensional object using two-dimensional pictures. It was very interesting to have the lessons. We spent much time to draw pictures in big rooms.


5. General Physics （大学物理）
a) I have learned some basic physics concepts in mechanics, thermodynamics, electric field, electromagnetic field, theory of relativity, and so on. The differences between college physics and the physics knowledge I have learned in middle school are much mathematics is introduced in college physics. With the help of mathematics, we are able to learn more about ‘whys’ and learn more about some very complicated systems.
b) Moments of inertia: The sum of the products of each mass element of a body multiplied by the square of its distance from an axis.

Cultural Basis of Computer （计算机文化基础）
a) In this course, we learned some basic computer skills, like using Windows Operation System, being familiar with Office Software, being able to find the information we want from internet.

Experiment of General Physics （物理实验）
a) We did some experiments to strengthen what we had learned from courses. We observed the image of the diffraction of light; we traced the image of light wave by light wave tracer; we develop some films by ourselves, and so on.


18. Experiment of Electrical Engineering （电工电子实验）
a) We did several experiments to testify what we have learned in the course Electric Technology. We designed and assembled circuits containing transformer, diode, and other electric device. I was often very lucky to be No. 1 who finished and tested the circuits.

C语言C (programming language)
In computing, C is a general-purpose computer programming language
C is block structured, and designed for procedural and imperative programming. Although C was designed for implementing system software,[3] it is also widely used for developing application software.

高等数学Advanced Mathematics
is a branch of mathematics that includes two major branches, differential calculus and integral calculus and study of limits, and infinite series

线性代数Linear algebra
是数学的一个分支，它的研究对象是向量，向量空间（或称线性空间），线性变换和有限维的线性方程组。
is the branch of mathematics concerned with the study of vectors, vector spaces, linear maps, and systems of linear equations
including Matrix（矩阵）The detailed study of the properties of and algorithms（运算法则） acting on matrices, including determinants（行列式） and eigenvectors（特征向量）, is considered to be part of linear algebra.

3. Introduction to Mao Ze Dong Thought （毛泽东思想概论）
a) Mao is the first president of PRC. Many of his thoughts and behaviors have big influence on China. To some extent, to learn his thoughts is to know some history of Chinese.

4. Cultivation’s of Ideology and Morality （思想道德修养）
a) This course is somewhat like a psychological course. We are taught how to adjust ourselves to the society which is filled with high pressure.

Marxist Philosophy （马哲）
a) We learned Karl Marx’s philosophy. Why we learn philosophy is because philosophy is based on sciences and in turn can direct scientists’ research. For instance, we are taught to respect nature and natural principles or we will receive the punishment from nature. Also we learned that everything has both positive and negative sides. We should try to utilize the positive factors and get rid of negative sides.

Introduction to Deng Xiao Ping’s Theory （邓论）
a) We say Mr. Deng was the designer of China’s opening to the world and reform. His many policies have great impact on Chinese societies. So we learned his economic policies to get a better understanding of Chinese society. One of his diplomatic policies is ‘One China, two social systems’ which was applied to solve Hong Kong and Macau problems.


Marxist political Economy （马经）
a) Although this course is called Marxist political Economy, we mainly learned basic knowledge about economy. We learned how the capital flows in the economic circle. What impressed me most is the theory that if you want to make more money, let your money circulate much faster.

22. Situation and Policy 形式政策
a) This is a course talking about the contemporary global economics and politics. I chose it because I think if a scientist knows more about global economics he will be able to do some research that may have some world market.

19. Bases of Law （法律基础）
a) This is a very useful course. We learned some common senses of law. Specifically, we learned something about the marriage law, contract law, inherit law, and so on. We also analyzed several cases and watched some video.

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[B]部分基础专业课[/B]
理论力学 Theoretical Mechanics
Introduction: introduce basic conceptions, laws, theories about static and dynamic mechanic, and kinematics
1.        Fundamental Conceptions and Principles of Static Mechanic
a.        Static Mechanic: it is the Science studying and exploring the universe Laws, Conforming to which, the Object, which is acted on by a set of forces, reaches to the state of Equilibrium.
b.        The practical application of Equilibrium of forces
When designing components for a building, or engineering Structures, or machinery Parts, which moving at a constant velocity, the first step is to analyze the forces that acting on them, then according the requirements to reach Equilibrium, work out the Force that is unknown.
c.        Rigid Body: it is the body that when acted on by forces, the distance between any two its points remain the same.
2.        The basic principle of dynamic.
It is a science that studies and explores the interrelationships between object’s machinery move and its Mass, and the force acting on it.
3.        Momentum Axiom 动量定理
4.        The Axiom of Momentum moment 动量矩定理
Momentum moment= r*m*v   moment of inertia J=1/3M*L*L   J= 2/5M*R*R
5.        The Axiom of Kinetic energy
The Kinetic energy of Rigid body= 1/2M*v*v

材料力学 Mechanics of Materials
Introduction: classify the external forces applying on the material and explain their basic conception (Stress, shear force, torsion force, bend internal force, bending stress.) furthermore, clarify the definition of displacement位移, deformation and linear stress deformation, tangential stress deformation and so on. Then introduce four basic deformations (axial compressing, drawing, bend and torsion and their combination) and their strength condition.


机械制造技术基础Fundamentals of Machinery Manufacture
1.        Introduction: a branch of Mechanical engineering, science of studying the manufacture process and method of various machines.
Main content: 1) master the basic theories of metal removal, acquire the capability to choose which type, material, geometry parameter of cutter tools, decide how much amount of removal is best, and which removal coolant切削液 2) acquire the acknowledge of the usages and process range 工艺范围of various machine tool机床, grasp the competence of analysis, and adjust the transmission train of general machine tool 3) have the command of basic theories about manufacture process, and the ability to work out the steps and regulation of manufacture process and assemble process工艺规程, know how to analysis and find out the reason of error 误差


机械设计基础Fundamentals of Mechanical Design
Introduction: Briefly introduce the basic knowledge about the design of a whole machine, while mainly discuss the basic design theories and methods of common parts with common dimension such as Key, spline, bolt, pin, rivet, helix transmission, belt, slipping bearing, roll bearing etc.
1.        Introduction
a.        Concrete content: 1) General introduction—the basic principles, calculating theories, choose of materials, structural requirements, and basic knowledge about friction, wearing, and lubrication during the design of machine or parts.2) The coupling—the coupling of screw screw thread, keyway, spline花键, pin, rivet, and welding, transition fit, interference fit, clearance fit过盈配合.3) Transmission—screw thread, belt, train, gear, worm蜗杆and friction transmission 4) shaft—sliding bearing, roll bearing, Coupling联轴器，brake and shaft. 5) others—Spring, body base机座 and body, deceleration and transmission.
2.        General introduction of design
a.        Design principle 1) Strength principle: the stress that parts is acted on should not excess what it is permitted.2) Rigidity principle 3) working life principle 4) stability principle 5) Reliability principle.
b.        The most common used material—1) metal material 2) polyester 3) ceramic material 4) synthesis material
c.        Principles for choose of material: 1) the magnitude of loading, Stress and their properties 2) the working condition 3) the measure size and quality of parts 4) the complication of parts’ structure and manufacturability.

机械工程测量与试验技术 Engineering measurement and test
Introduction: introduce the measurement of physical, geometrical value, and the test of property and quality of various material or equipment in the field of mechanical engineering. And the working principles and basic properties of various measurement device. Such as common sensor, monitor device and so on.
Example: inductance sensor: working principle—based on the theory of electromagnetic induction, transform the variation of object signal into the one of inductance flux. Sensitive degree of the sensor S= -N(*2)uoAo/2δ(*2)  N—Number of circle uo—magnetic conductor rateδ—air gab

电工学 Electronic technique
Introduction: 1) explain basic theories, laws, conception and basic analyzing method of electrical circuits. Such as the current and voltage law of Kirchhoff, law of Thevenin, law of Norton, buildup law叠加定理 and so on. Example: the sine current circuit of series connection of Resistance, inductance and capacity.  XL=ωL, Xc=1/ωC  │Z│=[R(*2)+(XL-Xc)(*2)](*1/2), I=U/Z  ψ=arctan(XL-Xc)/R  Ur=RI…            
2) introduce transistor such as diode and triode, and the circuit made with them, such as basic zooming circuits,  integrated operation zoomer 集成运算发大器, and their principle and properties. Example: DC voltage stabilizing power: Sine power—voltage transform—current adjust—wave filtering—voltage stabilization—load.




单片机原理及应用Fundamentals and application of Mono-chip computer
Introduction: Systematically explain the working principle of MCS-51 mono-chip computer, its instruction system, the design of assembly language program, the expansion of system, interruption, and connecting ports.
1.        Fundamentals:
a.        The application of Mono-chip: highly integrated, simple structure, high reliability, strong functions to control, cheap, flexible usage.
b.        Storage capacity=2(*n)*m     Operation运算 1) add 2) subtraction 3) multiply 0*0=0
0*1=1*0=0  1*1=1
c.        Logical operation 1) And  0∧0=0  0∧1=1∧0=0  1∧1=1 2)Or   0∨0=0      
0∨1=1∨0=1  1∨1=1
2.        Structure and working principles
a.        Makeup: CPU, timer circuit, Read Only Memory, Random Access Memory, Timer and Counter, Shunt connect Input/output, 串行口, interrupt control system.
b.        Internal structure and functions: operator运算器 (Arithmetic logic unit 算术逻辑单元, Accumulator 累加器, register 寄存器, Program Status Word), controller控制器(Program Counter, DPTR)
c.        Structure of Memories:

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[B]管理信息系统[/B]is the discipline covering the application of people, technologies, and procedures to solving business problems. is commonly used to refer to the group of information management methods tied to the automation or support of human decision making, e.g. Decision Support Systems, Expert systems, and Executive information systems.


信息系统是由人、硬件、软件、网络和数据库组成的。它可以在组织中收集、处理和传播信息。
Information system is composed by person, hardware, software, network and database .it could collect, dispose and spread information in organization.
这门课向我们介绍了信息系统的活动，电脑的结构，然后向我们介绍了数据库的请求语言，网络操作，包括信息输出媒介，连接部分和网络协议。最后向我们介绍了怎样使用excel，数据库管理系统的一种。
This lecture introduce us the activity of information system and structure of computer ,and than introduce us database query language ,and internet operation ,include information transfer medium ,connection part ,and network protocol .at last teach us how to use excel ,a kind of DBMS.
信息系统的活动：搜集信息，处理信息，保存信息，传递信息，输出信息。
Activity of information system: colleting information, disposing information, saving information, express information and transferring information.
信息资源：人力资源，硬件资源，软件资源，网络信息，数据信息。
Information resource: human resource, hardware resource, software resource, network information, and date information.
数据库管理系统：DBMS(database management system)
Management Information System (MIS)（管理信息系统）信息管理的原理
一 基本原理 A—B—C—D A 表信息资料的记录与收集 B 表信息资料的整理与转换 C 表信息资源的传递与交流 D 表信息资源用户的需求与效应
一 数据处理系统：数据处理，英文简称 EDP 如工资管理。
二 管理信息系统：MIS 如生产管理信息系统，人事管理信息系统。
三 决策支持系统：DSS以计算机技术为工具，综合模型和数据，辅助中高层决策人员解决半结构化决策问题的人机系统
四 专家系统：人工智能的重要分支，是一种具有解决问题能力的智能计算机系统，能模拟专家来解决复杂问题。

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Quality Management（质量管理）
is a method for ensuring that all the activities necessary to design, develop and implement a product or service are effective and efficient with respect to the system and its performance.

(Quality management can be considered to have three main components: quality control, quality assurance and quality improvement.)
Six Sigma
refers to the ability of highly capable processes to produce output within specification. In particular, processes that operate with six sigma quality produce at defect levels below 3.4 defects per (one) million opportunities (DPMO). Six Sigma's implicit goal is to improve all processes to that level of quality or better.


Categories of information include
1. Basic Overviews of Concept of Quality质量的概念：
2. Basic Tools of quality management质量管理的工具
a) Common ways 普通方法
Data-collection form数据搜集表格，Cause-and-effect-diagram原因－影响图表，Tree Diagram树状图。
Benchmarking Using standard本杰明的应用标准：在某一服务或产业中与其他组织的比较、测量，以获得对组织表现的看法。
measurements in a service or industry for comparison to other organizations in order to gain perspective on organizational performance.
Flowchart, process流程图，过程。
Brainstorming头脑风暴法。
b) Procedures of quality management 质量管理的规程：
PDCA规程：计划－做－检查－行动。PDCA: Plan-Do-Check-Action。  
3. TQM是一套组织中的管理措施，致力于保证组织能一贯地满足或超出消费者的要求。 TQM重视把测量和控制作为持久改善企业使之更加高效，高生产率和高收益的的方法。
TQM is a set of management practices throughout the organization, geared to ensure the organization consistently meets or exceeds customer requirements. TQM places strong focus on process measurement and controls as means of continuous improvement that make companies more efficient, productive, and profitable.
Continuous Improvement: in regard to

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Logistics Management   （物流管理）
is that part of Supply Chain Management that plans, implements, and controls the efficient, effective, forward, and reverse flow and storage of goods, services, and related information between the point of origin and the point of consumption in order to meet customers’ requirements.

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Supply chain management 供应链
is the process of planning, implementing, and controlling the operations of the supply chain as efficiently as possible. Supply Chain Management spans all movement and storage of raw materials, work-in-process inventory, and finished goods from point-of-origin to point-of-consumption.

Supply chain management must address the following problems
Distribution Network Configuration: Number, location and network missions of suppliers, production facilities, distribution centers, warehouses, cross-docks and customers.
Distribution Strategy: Including questions of operating control (centralized, decentralized or shared); delivery scheme (e.g., direct shipment, pool point shipping, Cross docking, DSD (direct store delivery), closed loop shipping); mode of transportation (e.g., motor carrier, including truckload, LTL, parcel; railroad; intermodal, including TOFC and COFC; ocean freight; airfreight); replenishment strategy (e.g., pull, push or hybrid); and transportation control (e.g., owner-operated, private carrier, common carrier, contract carrier, or 3PL).
Information: Integration of and other processes through the supply chain to share valuable information, including demand signals, forecasts, inventory and transportation etc.
Inventory Management: Quantity and location of inventory including raw materials, work-in-process and finished goods.
Cash-Flow: Arranging the payment terms and the methodologies for exchanging funds across entities within the supply chain.
Supply chain execution is managing and coordinating the movement of materials, information and funds across the supply chain. The flow is bi-directional.

The Long Tail
to describe the niche strategy of certain business such as Amazon.com . The distribution and inventory costs of these businesses allow them to realize significant profit out of selling small volumes of hard-to-find items to many customers, instead of only selling large volumes of a reduced number of popular items. The group of persons that buy the hard-to-find or "non-hit" items is the customer demographic called the Long Tail.

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Corporate Identity System（企业识别系统CI）
1. CI System consists of three parts
a) MI(Mind identity) Operation Guideline, Corporate Mission
b) BI（Behavior Identity）
　　BI(Behavior Identity):MI:Thought, BI:Action。
c) VI（Visual Identity）
　　Logo: goodwill, corporate image
2. Elements of CI
a) Logo   b) Font & Color  c) Slogan  d) Uniform  e) Letters and envelop  f) equipments
Lets say for example, you were to remove the logo from a Nike t-shirt. Would it still be a Nike T-shirt or would it just be a plain t-shirt no matter how good the quality of the material? To a potential client who didn't know, it would just be a plain old t-shirt. This simple example should be a reminder that without an identity, a company and it's products are nothing - no matter how small the company.

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管理原理Principles of Management
means the act of getting people together to accomplish desired goals. Management comprises planning, organizing, resourcing, leading or directing, and controlling an organization (a group of one or more people or entities) or effort for the purpose of accomplishing a goal. Resourcing encompasses the deployment and manipulation of human resources, financial resources, technological resources, and natural resources.

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Marketing (市场营销)
Marketing is a societal process which discerns consumers' wants, focusing on a product or service to fulfill those wants, attempting to move the consumers toward the products or services offered.

（Marketing is fundamental to any businesses growth. The marketing teams (marketers) are tasked to create consumer awareness of the products or services through marketing techniques. Unless it pays due attention to its products and services and consumers' demographics and desires, a business will not usually prosper over time.
The marketing teams (marketers) are tasked to create consumer awareness of the products or services through marketing techniques. Unless it pays due attention to its products and services and consumers' demographics and desires, a business will not usually prosper over time.
Marketing tends to be seen as a creative industry, which includes advertising, distribution and selling. It is also concerned with anticipating the customers' future needs and wants, which are often discovered through market research.
Essentially, marketing is the process of creating or directing an organization to be successful in selling a product or service that people not only desire, but are willing to buy.
Therefore good marketing must be able to create a "proposition" or set of benefits for the end customer that delivers value through products or services.Its specialist areas include:

advertising and branding
communications
database marketing
direct marketing
event organization
global marketing
international marketing
internet marketing
industrial marketing
market research
public relations
retailing
search engine marketing
marketing strategy
marketing plan
strategic management ）

SWOT Analysis
is a strategic planning tool used to evaluate the Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats involved in a project or in a business venture. It involves specifying the objective of the business venture or project and identifying the internal and external factors that are favorable and unfavorable to achieving that objective.

Strengths: attributes of the organization that are helpful to achieving the objective.
Weaknesses: attributes of the organization that are harmful to achieving the objective.
Opportunities: external conditions that are helpful to achieving the objective.
Threats: external conditions that are harmful to achieving the objective.


1. Marketing definition营销定义：
2. Marketing plan and process营销计划和过程：
3. Market segmentation营销分类：
4. Market analysis市场分析：
5. Product lifecycle产品生命周期：
6. Marketing Mix营销混合

4P(product ,price ,place ,promotion )产品，价格，地点，促销。
4C(consumer ,cost ,convenience ,communication )消费者，成本，便宜，沟通。
产品生命周期：活动（导入），成熟期（继续追赶），衰退期（减弱），终结期（退出）。
Product lifecycle : Active(introduce) ,Mature(pursued) ,Retired(remind) ,End-of-Life (exit) .
消费者行为：AIDMA法则：注意，兴趣，渴望，记忆，行动。
Consumer behavior :AIDMA law :Attention ,Interest ,Desire ,Memory

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Financial Management（财务管理）
way to determine the best way to use money to improve future opportunities to earn money and minimize the impact of financial shocks. Following 4 factors should be considered in this course:

Valuation
the determination of the value of an asset or liability
Portfolio theory
Modern portfolio theory (MPT) proposes how rational investors will use diversification to optimize their portfolios, and how a risky asset should be priced.
Hedging
an investment that is taken out specifically to reduce or cancel out the risk in another investment. Hedging is a strategy designed to minimize exposure to an unwanted business risk, while still allowing the business to profit from an investment activity. Typically, a hedger might invest in a security that he believes is under-priced relative to its "fair value" (for example a mortgage loan that he is then making), and combine this with a short sale of a related security or securities. Thus the hedger is indifferent to the movements of the market as a whole, and is interested only in the performance of the 'under-priced' security relative to the hedge.
Capital structure
the way a corporation finances its assets through some combination of equity, debt, or hybrid securities.

One concerned with management though would want to know what the figures mean.
They might compare the returns to other businesses in their industry and ask: are we performing better or worse than our peers? If so, what is the source of the problem? Do we have the same profit margins? If not why? Do we have the same expenses? Are we paying more for something than our peers?
They may look at changes in asset balances looking for red flags that indicate problems with bill collection or bad debt.
They will analyze working capital to anticipate future cash flow problems.

Basic Accounting（基础会计）
一、基本理论：基本定义：将经济数据处理为会计信息，然后描述出资金状况和经营成果，使之对将来的决策有用。
1、基本理论Basic theories: Basic definitions: Processing the economy data into accounting information, then figuring out the financial status and business results and making it useful for future decision.
2、处理对象：企业的生产和经营。Dealing objects: Enterprises’ production and business.
3、基本方法：复式记账法的原理与实务，会计的分类。
Basic methods: Principles and Practice of double-entry accounting, accounting’s assorting。
4、关键词：有借必有贷，借贷必相等。借贷对照表。 借方和贷方？。
Key Words: Debit is always with Loan, and Debit always equals to Loan. Debit and Loan accounting，Accounting receivables ＋ Credits.
二、会计程序Accounting process：
1、准备业务的源文件（PO、发票）prepare the transaction’s source document (PO/Invoice)：
2、识别、分析并记录业务（应当记入借方或贷方）
Identify & Analyze and record the transaction (should posting as debit account or credit account)；
3、准备试算表，确保借贷相等。Prepare the trial balance to make sure that debits equal credit；
4、在试算表中改正所有误差。Correct any discrepancies in the trial balance；
5、准备财政（结算）借贷表。Prepare the financial statements：
资产负债表是公司发布的财政信息最重要的片断之一。The balance sheet is one of the most important pieces of financial information issued by a company. 它是及时展示您的公司那时拥有并亏欠什么，以及股东投资的数额的快照。
It is a snapshot that shows you what a company owns and owes at that point in time. As well as the amount invested by the shareholders.
另一方面，收入结算可以显示一个公司在一定时期创造了多少收入和利润。
The income statement, on the other hand, shows how much revenue and profit a company has generated over a period of time.
所有的结算都十分重要；Neither statement is better than the other;
财政结算被用来展示一个公司整体财政的图象。
Rather, the financial statements are built to be used together to present a complete picture of a company's finances.
三、资产负债表Balance sheet：
资产负债表必须遵循以下原则The balance sheet must follow the following formula：
资产＝负债＋所有者权益。Assets = Liabilities + Shareholders' Equity=Equities权益资本。
资产负债表三部分中的每一部分都有许多账户用以记录每个的价值。
Each of the three segments of the balance sheet will have many accounts within it that document the value of each.
例如，现金账户，存货和固定资产账户在资产负债表的资产方，应付款明细帐或长期负债等账户在资产负债表的负债边。
Accounts such as cash, inventory and property are on the asset side of the balance sheet, while on the liability side there are accounts such as accounts payable or long-term debt.
因为双方平衡，它叫资产负债表。(简单划一个资产负债表，说明左右两边各是什么)
It's called a balance sheet because the two sides balance out.
意义是：一个公司必须支付通过借用金钱(负债)或从股东(所有者权益)处获得的所有东西(财产)。This makes sense: a company has to pay for all the things it has (assets) by either borrowing money (liabilities) or getting it from shareholders (shareholders' equity).
四、
反映与监督经济活动的功能(Reflect and supervise economic activities)；
Accounting year(fiscal year)会计年度: 1月1日—12月31日；
会计分录三要素: 会计科目(Account) ,记账符号(Account mark),变动金额(amount)；
accounting elements六要素: 资产Assets,负债Liability,所有者权益equity ,收入revenue ,费用expenses和利润Profit；
资产=负债+所有者权益+利润Profit (收入revenue -费用 expense)；
有借必有贷,借贷必相等；
增加记借方, 减少记贷方: 资产类, 支出类账户(费用,成本账户)；
增加记贷方,减少记借方: 负债类, 所有者权益类(proprietor rights and interest), 收入类账户(收入,成果账户)；
accounting entry 会计分录accounting document 会计凭证Creditors 应付账款Debtors应收账款Balance of account 账户余额；
Debit 借方 Debit Balance 借方余额Credit 贷方 Credit Balance 贷方余额Balance sheet 资产负债表。

robychen

其他课程没有电子版本了   我是自己手写在本子上的   大家去借本专业英语吧   蛮好的

[B]IE [/B]的  注意好好复习   [B]生产计划与控制[/B]

fischerluo

非常感谢

autoyang1

感谢搂主，我是学汽车专业的，但有些也很有用！