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发表于 2006-9-2 17:28:50
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谈谈我的理解,仅供参考:
Bainbridge's reflex又名心脏血管反射(Cardiovascular reflex)或右心反射(right heart reflex),最初由Francis Arthur Bainbridge教授(英国生理学家,1874~1921)于1914~1915提出。其定义为:右房压力增加导致心率增加(Increased heart rate due to an increase of the right atrial pressure)。
The Bainbridge Reflex is one of the ways by which the heart keeps blood flowing properly. It is important that the amount of arterial blood being pumped out of the heart to the body equals the amount of venous returning to the heart from the body. When this does not happen -- when, for example, the left side of the heart fails because of heart disease -- the arterial output drops and blood backs up in the lungs and on the venous side of the heart.
The first chamber of the heart which returning venous blood enters is the right atrium. If the inflow of venous blood increases, it will enter and distend the right atrium more. Stretch receptors in the wall of the right atrium detect this increased stretching and send signals reporting this to the brain. The brain sends instructions back to the heart causing the heart rate to increase. This increases the output of the heart and decreases the amount of blood in the right atrium. This increase in right atrial stretching (that is, increased venous return) leading to increased heart rate (that is, increased arterial output) is called the Bainbridge Reflex.
Francis Arthur Bainbridge教授关于该反射的代表做:
1. On some cardiac reflexes. Journal of Physiology, London, 1914, 48: 322-340.
2. The influence of venous filling upon the rate of the heart.Journal of Physiology, Cambridge, 1915, 50: 65-84.
1987年的关于Bainbridge reflex的综述:
Bainbridge reflex发现于70年前,指中心静脉压力的增高导致心动过速,当时引起了人们对此以及其他心脏血管反射的兴趣。引起该反射的机械感受器位于右房和上腔静脉的连接部或肺静脉和左房的连接部。
Bainbridge reflex因为不能被充分证明,因此一直存在争议。静脉注射经常诱发反射性心动过速,有时又导致反射性心动过缓,该文章综述了相关研究的历史,有报道称,证明因为注射导致的变时性反射依赖于主动脉直径的变化。静脉注射(infusion)通过主动脉直径、容积或压力的增加导致主动脉弓压力感受器活性的增加而诱发心动过缓;当注射不能诱发压力反射时则发生心动过速(tachycardia follows whenever the infusion fails to trigger the baroreflex.)。
Seventy years of the Bainbridge reflex.Acta Physiol Scand. 1987 Jun;130(2):177-85.
Hakumaki MO.
The discovery of the Bainbridge reflex 70 years ago, of a tachycardic response to a rise in central venous pressure, stimulated a lot of interest in this and other cardiovascular reflexes. The mechanoreceptors that elicit the reflex are located at the junction of the right atrium and caval veins or at the junctions of the pulmonary veins and the left atrium. The Bainbridge reflex is controversial, however, because its existence cannot always be demonstrated. Intravenous infusions, which usually elicit a reflex tachycardia, sometimes cause a bradycardic response. This paper reviews the history of the studies associated with the reflex. Results are reported, which demonstrate that the chronotropic response to i.v. infusions depends upon the resulting change in aortic diameter; bradycardia is evoked by infusions leading to a rise in aortic baroreceptor activity through increases in aortic diameter, volume or pressure; tachycardia follows whenever the infusion fails to trigger the baroreflex. The importance of the Bainbridge reflex as a counterbalance to the baroreceptor reflex is discussed. |
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